GLOSSARY
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T
TACK
The stickiness of a paint or varnish
film during the drying period. Oil paints and spar varnishes may retain
an after-tack for several weeks after they are considered dry.
TACK-FREE
Absence of tack or stickiness in an applied
coating.
TACK CLOTH
A clean, soft, lint-free cloth that has
been soaked in varnish diluted with turpentine and then wrung out. The
varnish makes the cloth tacky or sticky. It is used to wipe a surface
to remove small particles of dust.
TAPE
See JOINT TAPE.
TAPE BLISTER
A blister that is an indication of insufficient
joint compound under joint tape.
TAPERED JOINT
A joint where tapered edges of gypsum
drywall panels join.
TEAR RESISTANCE
The ability of a wallcovering to resist
additional tearing once an initial tear or rupture occurs.
TENSILE STRENGTH
Resistance to elongation; the greatest
longitudinal stress a substance can bear without rupturing or remaining
permanently elongated.
TEXTURE
Roughness or pattern worked into texture
coating material before it dries with one or more special texturing
tools to create regular or irregular designs.
TEXTURE COATING
Thick, highly pigmented, viscous material
formulated mainly from acrylic latex emulsion resins, although oil-based
texture coatings are also available.
THERMAL SPRAYING
A process for applying metallic wire,
metallic powder, and thermoplastic powder. The material is melted and
sprayed onto a surface to produce a uniform coating. Gas wire guns and
electric arc guns are used for spraying metallic wire; plasma guns are
used for spraying metallic and thermoplastic powders.
THERMOPLASTIC
A material capable of being softened
repeatedly by heat and then formed and hardened by cooling without chemical
change.
THERMOPLASTIC COATING
A coating that forms a film by solvent evaporation is called a thermoplastic coating because it can be softened and reformed by heating.
THERMOSET
A material that undergoes an irreversible
chemical reaction (oxidation, polymerisation, etc.) by the action of
heat, catalyst, ultraviolet light, etc., leading to a relatively infusible
state. Once applied, formed, or moulded, it cannot be reheated and reshaped.
THERMOSET COATING
A coating that forms a film as a result
of chemically cross-linking reaction (oxidation, polymerisation) is
called a thermoset coating because it is not softened or deformed by
heating.
THICKENER
An additive used to increase the viscosity
(thicken), or modify the rheology of a coating.
THIMBLE
An oval metal ring used along with J-clamps
to clamp a loop of wire rope when connecting it to rigging devices
THINNER
A volatile liquid used to lower or otherwise
regulate the consistency of paint and varnish at the time of application
and that evaporates before or during the drying process.
THIXOTROPE
An additive that makes paint thixotropic.
THIXOTROPIC
A term to describe a material that undergoes
a viscosity reduction when shaken, stirred, or otherwise mechanically
disturbed, and that readily recovers its original condition when allowed
to stand.
THIXOTROPIC PAINT
Paint that is free-flowing and easy to
manipulate while being applied, but that sets to a gel within a short
time when it is allowed to remain at rest. Because of these qualities,
a thixotropic paint is less likely to drip from a brush than other types
and can be applied in thicker films without running or sagging.
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE (TLV)
The air concentration of chemical substances
to which it is believed workers may be exposed daily without adverse
effect.
TIE COAT
A paint that is formulated specifically
for specific situations and conditions to provide a transition from
a primer or undercoat to a finish coat. Tie coats are used to seal the
surface of a zinc-rich primer, to bond generically different types of
coatings, or to improve the adhesion of a succeeding coating.
TINT
The product of adding white to a colour.
For example, pink is a tint of red. The opposite of shade.
TINTING
Adjusting the colour of paint to a wide
range of tints, shades, or tones.
TINTING STRENGTH
The effectiveness of a colour pigment,
when mixed with other pigments, to impart colour to a paint. More precisely,
it is the relative ability of a unit quantity of a colorant to alter
the colour of another colorant to which it is added.
TITANIUM DIOXIDE
White pigment in virtually all white
paints. Prime hiding pigment in most paints.
TLV
See THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE.
TONE
The result of adding both black and white
to a colour.
TONAL VALUE
Relative strength of a colour in reference
to black and white. Colour of light tonal value contains much white;
colour of dark tonal value contains much black; midtone has equal amounts
of black and white.
TOOTH
Anchoring profile of a substrate that
enhances adhesion of a coating; roughness inherent in the surface or
coating or created mechanically or by etching.
TOP COLOUR
Colour forming a design against ground
colour.
TOPCOAT
The last coat applied in a coating system,
specifically formulated for environmental resistance and usually applied
over a primer, undercoaters, or surfacers.
TOUCH-UP PAINTING
Application of paint on small areas of
painted surfaces to repair mars, scratches, and spots where the coating
has deteriorated or been damaged.
TRIMMER
Machine or device that removes selvage from wallcovering.
TSP - TRISODIUM PHOSPHATE
An alkaline cleaner used for cleaning
and degreasing surfaces prior to painting.
TURPENTINE
A colourless, volatile liquid obtained
by distilling oleo-resinous secretions from pine trees. It is no longer
in widespread use for paint formulation, but still is sold and used
as a thinner for oil paints and varnishes.
