GLOSSARY
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E
EARTH PIGMENTS
Those pigments that are obtained from
the earth, including barites, ochre, chalk and graphite.
EDGE CRACKING
Cracks in the edges of drywall joints
as a result of extreme drying conditions, such as high temperature and
low humidity. A skim coat of joint compound usually will cover these
cracks.
EFFLORESCENCE
A deposit of water-soluble salts on the
surface of masonry or plaster caused by the dissolving of salts present
in the substrate, migration of the solution to the surface, and evaporation
of the water. A white crystalline or powdery deposit on the surface
of concrete, resulting from leaching of lime or calcium hydroxide out
of a permeable concrete mass over time by water, followed by reaction
with carbon dioxide and acidic pollutants.
EGGSHELL LUSTRE
Lustre closely resembling that of an
egg shell; between semi-gloss and flat.
ELASTICITY
Property of a film that permits it to
stretch or change in size and shape, returning to normal conditions
without breaking during the distortion. Elasticity should not be confused
with toughness, tensile strength, or elongation, which have different
meanings.
ELECTROSTATIC SPRAYING
A method of applying a spray coating
in which opposite electrical charges are applied to the substrate and
the coating. The charged particles of paint are attracted to the article
being painted and are deposited there. The mist travels around corners
of the substrate with the result that the article is coated more uniformly
on all sides and edges with very little over-spray and bounce back.
EMBOSSING
A raised effect created by impressing
a design on the back of wallcovering by means of metal rollers.
EMBRITTLEMENT
The process of becoming brittle. Becoming
hard and rigid but with little tensile strength and breaking with a
comparatively smooth fracture.
EMERY CLOTH
Similar to sandpaper except that the
abrasive is applied to cloth instead of paper.
EMULSIFICATION
The process of dispersing one liquid
in another.
EMULSIFYING AGENT
A substance, called a surfactant, that
intimately mixes, modifies the surface tension of colloidal droplets,
and disperses dissimilar materials that are ordinarily immiscible, such
as oil and water, to produce a stable emulsion.
EMULSION
Two-phase liquid system in which small
droplets of one liquid (the internal phase) are immiscible in and uniformly
dispersed throughout a second continuous liquid phase (the external
phase).
EMULSION PAINT
A paint with a vehicle that is an emulsion
of binder in water. The binder may be oil, oleo-resinous varnish, resin,
or other emulsifiable material.
ENAMEL
A paint characterized by an ability to
form an especially smooth film. The line of distinction between enamel
and oil paints is very indefinite. An enamel is usually high in gloss
and pigmented with high-hiding pigments only. It also has a low pigment
volume.
END SEAL
Paint applied to the ends of boards in
order to seal the pores to prevent the entrance of moisture that would
cause decay and affect the paint film.
EPOXY AMINE ADDUCT
An epoxy amine adduct coating is prepared
by reacting an excess of an amine with a portion of the epoxy resin.
The amine adduct is packaged in a separate container and then mixed
with the remaining epoxy resin prior to application.
EPOXY ESTER COATING
A single package epoxy coating based
on epoxy resins partially esterified with fatty acids, rosin, etc.
EPOXY POLYAMIDE
An epoxy resin cross-linked with polyamides;
also called amide-cured epoxy resin.
EPOXY POLYAMINE
An epoxy resin cross-linked with polyamines;
also called amine-cured epoxy resin.
EPOXY RESIN
A synthetic cross-linking of resins based
on the reactivity of the epoxide group.
EROSION
Wearing away of a paint film to expose
the substrate or undercoat.
ESTER SOLVENT
Organic solvents formed from an alcohol
and an organic acid by eliminating water.
ETCH
To wear away or roughen a surface with
an acid or other chemical agent or with a fine abrasive prior to painting
to increase adhesion; to prepare the surface of metal or concrete using
acids.
ETCH PRIMER
Acid-modified polyvinyl butyral zinc
chromate paint used for metal preparation; also called wash primer.
EXTENDED PIGMENT
Organic colour pigment diluted with an
extender pigment (for example, alumina tri-hydrate, blanc fixe, or calcium
carbonate).
EXTENDER PIGMENT
Colourless pigment incorporated into
a vehicle system to reduce cost, achieve durability, alter appearance,
change gloss, control rheology, and influence other coating properties.
Extender pigments have low hiding power, however. Examples include mica,
alumina, carbonates, sulphates, and silicates.
