GLOSSARY
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B
BACK BLOCKING
Applying additional thickness of gypsum
wallboard by adhesive at a back joint, usually on ceilings, to reduce
ridging or beading.
BACK PRIMING
Applying a coat of paint to the back of woodwork or exterior siding to prevent moisture from getting into the wood and causing the grain to swell.
BACKER ROD
A rod of urethane, Styrofoam, or similar
material that is inserted into wide joints or cracks to provide a backing
so that caulking or sealant material cannot flow through the joint being
sealed.
BARRIER COAT
Coating used to isolate a paint system
from the surface to which it is applied in order to prevent chemical
or physical interaction between them.
BARRIER PIGMENT
A pigment that can improve the ability
of a coating to provide a good barrier between the environment and the
substrate it protects.
BASKET-WEAVE DESIGN
In wallcovering, a loosely woven fabric
effect that represents the weave of a basket or coarse matting.
BATCH
The total quantity of paint or other
material that is produced in a single processing, mixing, and/or filling
operation.
BEADING
A slight bead or protrusion that forms
along a finished drywall joint. It can result from joint compound being
applied before the preceding coat was dry, paper along the edges of
the drywall panels becoming loosened or delaminated, or drywall panels
being set too close together to allow for expansion. Sometimes called
"ridging."
BELT SANDER
A power tool with a continuous belt of
abrasive that moves in one direction.
BID
A written document that spells out exactly
what the painting contractor will do and the exact amount of money he
or she will charge. Make sure you understand everything in this bid
and keep a written copy.
BINDER
Non-volatile portion of the liquid vehicle
of a coating. When the paint dries, the binder becomes part of the solid
film. It binds the pigment particles together and cements the paint
film to the surface.
BITUMASTIC
An asphalt or coal tar mastic (thick-film)
protective coating used primarily for waterproofing.
BITUMEN
Black or dark brown solid or semisolid
cementitious material that gradually liquefies when heated and is soluble
in carbon disulfide.
BITUMINOUS COATING
Asphalt or tar-based coating used to
provide a protective finish; applied as hot melt, solvent cutback, or
water emulsion.
BITUMINOUS CUTBACK
Asphalt or coal tar dissolved in a suitable
aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon solvent to lower its viscosity for
application at ambient temperatures.
BITUMINOUS EMULSION
A suspension or emulsion of minute particles
of asphalt or coal tar, emulsifying agents, and inert filling materials
in water. These emulsions, unlike straight bitumen’s, do not need
to be heated to be applied.
BLAST ANGLE
Angle of blasting nozzle with reference
to surface; also, angle of particle propelled from centrifugal blasting
wheels with reference to surface.
BLAST CLEANING
Cleaning and roughening a surface (particularly
steel) by the use of metallic or non-metallic grit or metal shot (usually
steel) abrasives that are projected against the surface being cleaned
by compressed air, centrifugal force, water, or a compressed air/water
mixture.
BLAST NOZZLE
Device through which abrasive is propelled
during blast cleaning.
BLAST POT
A container that holds abrasive material
until it is fed to the blast nozzle in air abrasive blast cleaning systems.
BLEACH SOLUTION
A water solution of sodium hypochlorite,
often called household bleach. It is a disinfectant and mildewcide used
as a surface treatment for removing mildew and bacteria before painting.
BLEACHING WOOD
Bleach solutions are used to restore
natural colour to stained or discoloured woods or the make woods lighter
in colour.
BLEEDING
The diffusion of colouring through a
coating from the substrate. Bleeding usually occurs as a result
of solubility in the vehicle portion of the top coat. It often can be
prevented or reduced by application of a barrier coating (primer, sealer).
BLISTERING
Usually caused by solvent entrapment,
moisture diffusion through the coating, or application of paint to a
surface containing excessive moisture. Blistering also can
occur when moisture enters painted wood through some indirect source,
such as poor joints or careless carpentry work, or as a result of excessive
heat or sap (resin) trapped in the wood.
BLOCK COAT
A barrier coat or transition primer/tie
coat that prevents incompatible paints from touching.
BLOCK FILLER
An emulsion coating that is heavily pigmented,
usually with a finely divided silica flour.
BLOCKING
The undesirable sticking together of
two painted surfaces or of touching layers of wallcovering or other
material.
BLUSHING
A film defect appearing as a milky opalescence.
It sometimes forms as the paint film or lacquer dries because rapid
solvent evaporation cools the surface and moisture from the air condenses
on the cooled wet coating.
BODY
Subjective assessment of the apparent
consistency or viscosity of a paint.
BODY HARNESS
A full-body safety harness is a device
worn around the entire torso, including the shoulders, waist, upper
legs, and buttocks.
BOLT
A roll of wallcovering containing the
surface area equivalent of two or three single rolls.
BOND
If a contractor damages something during
the course of a job and fails to pay for court-ordered damages within
a certain amount of time (often 30 days), the bond provides payment.
These are intended more as an incentive for contractors to pay for damages
than being a comprehensive safety net for homeowners, so make sure your
contractor is also insured.
BOND-BREAKER TAPE
A special tape used to prevent caulk
or sealant from sticking to the back of a joint. It allows the sealant
to move with the joint.
BOND COAT
A coating used to improve the adhesion
of subsequent coats.
BONDING STRENGTH
The adhesion between a coating film or
wallcovering adhesive and a substrate or previous coating film. The
amount of stress needed to separate a coating or wallcovering from the
surface to which it is bonded.
BOOKING
After adhesive is applied or activated,
some wallcoverings, especially pre-pasted ones, require a brief curing
period, which allows the adhesive to soak into the material before it
is hung. To accomplish this, the wallcovering is "booked,"
which means it is folded paste side to paste side, and allowed to sit
for the curing period.
BOOM LIFT (CHERRY PICKER)
A boom lift or "cherry picker"
has a single or articulated arm that can manoeuvre an enclosed work
platform and worker to a work area either above or below the area where
the boom lift is located.
BORDER
A narrow strip of wallcovering used as
a decorative accent. It may be placed along walls at the ceiling, around
windows or doors as a frame, or around a room to create a chair-rail
effect.
BOSUN’S CHAIR
A rigging system suspended from a single
cable or rope and designed for use by a single individual, who is limited
to working in a sitting position.
BOUNCE BACK
The rebound of atomised paint particles
during spray application. This effect is most pronounced when paint
is being applied into corners or boxed areas. The resultant return flow
of atomisation air carries some of the paint particles away from the
surface.
BOXING
Pouring paint from one container to another
several times to assure that no unmixed material remains on the bottom
and that the paint is uniformly mixed.
BREAKING STRENGTH
The ability of a wallcovering to resist
the initiation of a tear.
BRISTLE
Natural or synthetic fibres bundled together
and attached to a handle for use in soaking up paint and spreading it
onto a surface.
BROAD KNIFE
A multipurpose hand tool with a blade
that ranges in size up to 10 to 12 inches wide.
BRUSH
A tool used to apply paint. There are
many types of brushes available, and selecting the right one is important
to the finished product. "Brush" is also used to describe
how paint will be applied - i.e., brushed, rolled, sprayed, etc.
BRUSH MARK
Parallel ridges and valleys in a coating
produced by the bristles of a brush during paint application. Depending
on the levelling characteristics of the paint, brush marks may or may
not remain in the dried coating.
BRUSH-OFF BLAST CLEANING
Blast cleaning standard with the lowest
quality requirements.
BRUSHABILITY
The ability or ease with which a paint
can be brushed under practical conditions.
BUBBLING
A coating defect in which bubbles of
air, solvent vapor, or both are present in the applied film. Bubbles
may be temporary and work out of the coating during drying, or they
may be permanent and remain in the dry film.
BUG HOLE
An air pocket left on or near the surface
of vertical formed concrete or horizontal laid concrete.
BURLAP
Woven fabric of jute, hemp, sometimes
flax, fused to a composition backing or to paper and used as a wallcovering.
BUTADIENE
A gas which is chemically combined with
styrene to create a resin used in latex binders, styrene-butadiene.
BUTT END
Untapered end of gypsum wallboard panel
at narrow dimension of board.
BUTT JOINT
Joint where butt ends of gypsum wallboards
meet.
BUTT SEAM
A butt seam is made by aligning the edge
of one wallcovering strip tightly against the next strip without any
overlap.
